INTRODUCTION OF MATTER,SUBSTANCE,MIXTURE WITH EXPLANATION,EXAMPLES 1ST CHAPTER HAIDER ALI LECTURES

TOPIC:- INTRODUCTION OF MATTER,SUBSTANCE,MIXTURE WITH EXPLANATION,EXAMPLES 1ST CHAPTER HAIDER ALI LECTURES

In classical physics and general chemistry, matter is any substance that has mass and takes up space by having volume.

SUBSTANCE
A chemical substance is a form of matter having constant chemical composition and characteristic properties. It cannot be separated into components by physical separation methods, i.e., without breaking chemical bonds. Chemical substances can be simple substances, chemical compounds, or alloys.

COMPOUND:-
A compound is a substance formed when two or more chemical elements are chemically bonded together. ... The type of bonds holding elements together in a compound can vary: two common types are covalent bonds and ionic bonds. The elements in any compound are always present in fixed ratios.

ELEMENT:-
An element is a substance whose atoms all have the same number of protons: another way of saying this is that all of a particular element's atoms have the same atomic number. Elements are chemically the simplest substances and hence cannot be broken down using chemical reactions.

MIXTURE:-
a mixture is a material made up of two or more different substances which are mixed. A mixture refers to the physical combination of two or more substances in which the identities are retained and are mixed in the form of solutions, suspensions and colloids.

THERE ARE 2 TYPES OF MIXTURE :-
1.HOMOGENEOUS MIXTURE:-
A homogeneous mixture is a solid, liquid, or gaseous mixture that has the same proportions of its components throughout any given sample. Conversely, a heterogeneous mixture has components whose proportions vary throughout the sample. ... An example of a homogeneous mixture is air.

Sometimes, homogeneous mixtures are called solutions. What are some examples of homogeneous mixtures? Liquid examples include pure water, white vinegar, sugar water, corn oil, and blood plasma. Surprisingly, homogeneous mixtures are not limited to liquids, they can also be gases and solids.

2.HETEROGENEOUS:-
A heterogeneous mixture is simply any mixture that is not uniform in composition - it's a non-uniform mixture of smaller constituent parts. Using various means, the parts in the mixture can be separated from one another.
Examples include ice cubes in a drink, sand and water, and salt and oil. The liquid that is immiscible form heterogeneous mixtures. A good example is a mixture of oil and water. Chemical solutions are usually homogeneous mixtures.


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